Alzheimer s The Dsm 5 - 2104 Words

Alzheimer’s in DSM What was previously known in the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual as dementia is now known in the DSM-5 as major neurocognitive disorder, with the lower degrees of impaired cognition are now found under mild neurocognitive disorder. The latter category was found in previous editions of the DSM as Cognitive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) Regardless of the new titles and categories in the DSM-5, dementia is referred to throughout the text for the state of standardization and continuity between clinicians and physicians. The reasoning for this change to neurocognitive disorders refers to dementia typically being the title of degenerative disorders given to†¦show more content†¦The general diagnostic criteria for major neurocognitive disorder is as follows, as reported by the American Psychiatric Association (2013). There must be a a decrease in cognitive performance from at least one co gnitive domain, including complex attention, executive function, learning and memory, language, perceptual-motor, or social cognition. This must be supported by evidence of concern regarding significant cognitive decline by the individual, their loved ones, or their clinician as well as a quantified clinical assessment, such as a standardized neuropsychological test, reporting a significant decline in cognition (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). These significant cognitive declines must show a decline in independence through typical day to day activities such as needing help in remembering to pay bills or keeping up with medications. Lastly, this cognitive decline are not occurring as a result of delirium only and are not better evidenced as a mental disorder such as major depressive disorder or schizophrenia. (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) The second specifier for this disorder, with the first in this instance being major cognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’ s disease, is in relation to whether or not there is a behavioral disturbance present. Examples of these potential disturbances include â€Å"psychotic symptoms, mood

Analysis of The Hapiness Conspiracy and Fahrenheit 451

Happiness is a reprise from the many trials and turmoil of life, and so it is natural that we should actively seek it. Ironically though, in our naà ¯ve belief that we can somehow augment the amount of happiness in our world, we are actually making our world more depressing to live in. Both John F. Schumaker, in The Happiness Conspiracy, and Ray Bradbury, in Fahrenheit 451, argue that our myopic pursuit of happiness is actually counterproductive. The two authors attempt to persuade the reader that happiness is, and should be, an almost-serendipitous byproduct of a truly fulfilling life, and therefore should not be an explicit objective. In his essay, Schumaker discusses how our lives have devolved to being merely means to an end. We do†¦show more content†¦Schumaker argues that in the â€Å"modern consumer society,† the bar has been set so high that it is virtually impossible to surpass it, and further, as stated by the law of diminishing returns, if we continue on our current trajectory, we will soon find ourselves gloomier than ever. Like Schumaker, Bradbury also believes that our society is too obsessed with eliminating the negatives in life, and establishes that this is a ruinous endeavour through an absence of evidence argument. In the utopian world that he describes in his novel Fahrenheit 451, that critical point at which society is so perfect that genuine happiness, a term that is necessarily defined by its antithesis, depression, becomes meaningless, has already been reached. The intention of the fictional authorities is ostensibly to satisfy the population — as Captain Beatty tells Montag, â€Å"[they’re] the Happiness Boys, the Dixie Duo† (61) — but as a direct result of these efforts, anything remotely controversial or that could bring about dissent is destroyed, and happiness, emotions, and life in general loses its meaning. Bradbury describes several situations in which this is the case. Relationships, both platonic and intimate, are a significant part of a satisfying and h appy life on our world, but in Montag’s, they exist only in writing. Montag’s wife Mildred shuns her real family and much prefers instead to

Individualized Education Program Free Essays

Over the past ten years I have seen several IEPs and have attended a handful of IEP meetings. My knowledge of an IEP and what it consists of has been very basic. Still I had many questions in the back of my head and I always wanted to fully understand everything there is to know about an IEP. We will write a custom essay sample on Individualized Education Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now Before I can look into what an IEP consists of, first I must answer the question of its background, what is it and, when was it introduced to the school systems. Children with special needs were not allowed in public schools. Most children were either institutionalized or simply kept at home. If and when parents decided to put their child in an institution, little to no education would be provided to these children with needs. I am fortunate to know an individual who witnessed how things were in these types of institutions and later on I would have the pleasure of working with him for his last years before he retired from CPS. The lives of many exceptional children changed when the IDEA, which stands for Individuals with disabilibilites. Act, was established in 1975. The IDEA special education law was accepted in 1975. This gave children with special needs the right to have public education without the parents having to pay. A school provides what the child needs educationally and other services in order for the child to be successful in their life. Also, this gives parents a voice to speak up for their child’s education and also gives protection. Parents are included in the process of deciding what is best for their child when it comes to their education needs. It also gives early intervention services as young 3 years old. In order for a child to be under the IDEA law they must be identified with one of the thirteen accepted disabilities. After the child gets approved and is evaluated with parent consent, a school and parent can move forward with writing up an IEP followed by an IEP meeting. How to cite Individualized Education Program, Papers

Individualized Education Program Free Essays

Over the past ten years I have seen several IEPs and have attended a handful of IEP meetings. My knowledge of an IEP and what it consists of has been very basic. Still I had many questions in the back of my head and I always wanted to fully understand everything there is to know about an IEP. We will write a custom essay sample on Individualized Education Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now Before I can look into what an IEP consists of, first I must answer the question of its background, what is it and, when was it introduced to the school systems. Children with special needs were not allowed in public schools. Most children were either institutionalized or simply kept at home. If and when parents decided to put their child in an institution, little to no education would be provided to these children with needs. I am fortunate to know an individual who witnessed how things were in these types of institutions and later on I would have the pleasure of working with him for his last years before he retired from CPS. The lives of many exceptional children changed when the IDEA, which stands for Individuals with disabilibilites. Act, was established in 1975. The IDEA special education law was accepted in 1975. This gave children with special needs the right to have public education without the parents having to pay. A school provides what the child needs educationally and other services in order for the child to be successful in their life. Also, this gives parents a voice to speak up for their child’s education and also gives protection. Parents are included in the process of deciding what is best for their child when it comes to their education needs. It also gives early intervention services as young 3 years old. In order for a child to be under the IDEA law they must be identified with one of the thirteen accepted disabilities. After the child gets approved and is evaluated with parent consent, a school and parent can move forward with writing up an IEP followed by an IEP meeting. How to cite Individualized Education Program, Papers

Sprightly dance free essay sample

When I was little, I did not wander as a cloud. I floated on one. I have to admit, when the assignment was given to us to write about a poem I did not think I would find one that would capture my interest or my memory. For days, my ears would burn the table of contents as my fingers struck down page numbers in a hopeless search to find something that I could connect with, for something that I could write about and have it be genuine. I was lost and my hopes for finding a poem that would even hold my interest long enough to allow me to write about it seemed to be an impossible reach. I was a bibliophile at heart, but I did not like writing about poetry. I enjoyed reading it, but writing about it was a different kind of circle of hell. On my fifth haphazard hunt through the table of contents, my ears caught something that I had not noticed. We will write a custom essay sample on Sprightly dance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was instantly drawn because it sounded familiar. â€Å"I wandered lonely as a cloud.† By William Wordsworth. I wanted to see why the poem sounded familiar. I had an odd sense that it would be significant to my life, but I did not know why it would be or even how. I wanted to explore the kind of emotional journey that this poem would take me through, and so I did. After listening to the first line, I was instantly transported to a memory that I did not even know I had. It is late at night sometime in 1995. I do not know how old I am, but I remember feeling the Braille calendar poised in my lap, my finger tracing the soft indentations of the moons among the days. A sound erupts from the living room and I look up, my ears picking up every shift of the air just a few rooms from me. Shouting soon breaks out as if I am in a pep rally. The shouting grows louder and more obscene with each passing word. My mother has made her appearance on stage yet again, and I start to sob. I am guessing that grandma and grandpa are out in the fray as well, but I do not want to be in here all alone. The shouting reaches a volume that I do not even know exists, and my fright and anger mesh into one emotion as the stupidity of the situation finally reaches me. As my mother and her husband continue to scream at each other while mixing in some sounds of hitting and smac king, and manage to produce sounds of someone hitting the table, grandma comes into the room. I know it is she because I can smell the peach scented perfume that I always smell when she is within a few feet from me. It is as if the smell alone is a blanket, about to wrap me up. My bedroom door softly clicks shut, and tender shoes thud over to me. She takes my small hand in hers. â€Å"Are you ready for bed?† she asks me. I smile and nod, while all the while trying to hide my anger at my stupid mother. â€Å"Well, Im sorry. I do not have a story for you tonight. All I have is this book of poems your grandfather gave to me.† I groan at the mention of poetry. Even at that young age, I much rather prefer it when she read me something GOOD such as Nancy Drew or The Hardy Boys. I do not want to stay here any longer. Moreover, I like it when grandma reads to me. Outside of my bubble of safety, my mother starts to cry as grandpa yells at her about how stupid she is acting. I hear pages slowly open. Grandma leans to read and instantly I am taken to the place of golden daffodils, leaving the screaming behind me. â€Å"I wandered lonely as a cloud, that floats on high oer vales and hills, when all at once I saw a crowd, a host, of golden daffodils.† I am soon floating on that cloud looking at dancing yellow flowers. As grandma continues to read the poem to me, I feel a sense of peace. I am flying, and the newly developed sounds of clashing in the kitchen are just a faint whisper. I am swept away by grandma’s reading. We both are wandering as a cloud, but not lonely. I listen with eagerness as she finishes the poem, allowing me to ignore the stupid smashing sounds in the next room. Once she is all done, she tucks me in and kisses me goodnight. She tells me she loves me and then leaves the room. I soon drift on my own cloud of safety, finally able to feel calm and happy enough to go to sleep. I am comfortable and soon floating on my own cloud that is floating across vales and hills far from the treachery of the world. I am safe. That was back in 1995. I do not know how old I was back then, but that memory sprang to mind when I first listened to the poem. I re read the poem after that, repeatedly, making it my comfort poem. While I was reading the poem at that young age, I had a rather literal visual interpretation of the poem. It seemed pretty logical and obvious to me that that was what the poem meant, that the speaker was looking down at golden flowers swaying in the wind. I believed it so strongly that I vividly imagined this. Back then, I pictured vibrantly the golden tendrils swaying gently in the breeze, and some shadow sitting up high on a pink cloud looking down at this dancing show. For a long time that is how I interpreted the poem. I do not know where my interpretation changed, but it did. I presume that it changed just after my grandmother died and I had no way of escaping the domestic violence I had to endure. I would always wish that grandma would come softly into my room, click my door shut and take me with her on a cloud high above the bad things in my life. With the passing of years, I never saw or heard the poem again. Now, when I heard the poem again, I was instantly back in 1995, feeling a sense of love. I re played the poem, wearing out the skip back button on my CD player in order to keep hold of the memory that this poem helped to bring back from the dead. I loved this rare opportunity to smell grandma’s peach scented perfume again. I loved the chance to hear her powerful delicately articulate voice read me a poem to take away all the bad things in my life. Listening to the poem now, I soon realized that I had a different interpretation. Perhaps this interpretation came from her death in 1996. I believe that the loss of my grandma, physically and mentally, has helped me to make this interpretation once I reclaimed her in my memory after so long of an absence. This poem helped me regain a memory that I did not even know existed within me. The speaker talks about how he is happy to watch â€Å"golden daffodils† dance. My grandmother was always like that, happy to see, create, and experience pure happiness. This poem, I believe, is what my grandmother sees and saw. Because of this realization about my grandmother, I no longer have the same image when I listen to the poem. I picture someone looking down on people, but not just any people, I picture someone looking down at me, and a few other people, some wealthy, some poor, some old, some young, some black, some white, some Asian, and some of everything. All of us are dancing with an airy display for our spectator. We all twirl and giggle as we all choreograph a p erfect rhythm. I no longer picture the shadow on top of the cloud as having no face or figure. It now has a form and a shape to it. It is someone I know. I picture the wrinkly old woman looking down at us softly smiling. She is comfortable on the pink cloud, basking in her glory and her peace. I am sure, if we were closer, we would smell the peach scented perfume. I picture the old woman slowly bringing her wrinkled hands together, clapping and shedding silent tears as she watches the spectacle. I would like to think that she would be smiling at this point; glad to finally have the opportunity to watch the best show in the world, the show of a host of golden daffodils tossing our heads up in a sprightly dance.

Developing early writing Essays

Developing early writing Essays Developing early writing Essay Developing early writing Essay From personal experience in an early years setting it can be suggested that allowing individual children to bring in toys or other items from home on selected days, and holding an American style show and tell where the child will talk about his item, not only produces good results for the class but will have children talking to each other if they possess the same or similar thing at home. Role-playing at acting out stories or poems in the home corner is also another great activity for drawing out speaking and listening skills in the early years. Although the above ideas are examples of speaking and listening strategies in the early years the importance of this skill carries on right throughout every key stage. The National Curriculum at key stages 1 and 2 stresses that children should learn to speak with confidence and listen to others, speak in a range of contexts and make relevant points during class discussions (QCA, 1999:p44-50). One enjoyable activity to promote speaking and listening in the latter key stages is to hold a group discussion after a debateable article has been read to the class. The practitioner can split the class into two halves and assign the two groups the arguments for and against. If before the discussion the practitioner asks each group to re-read the article and write down any relevant points for discussion then, in one literacy hour, not only has the teacher delivered a speaking and listening activity he has also covered a shared and guided read and a guided writing session. The final area of the Literacy hour that shall be explained is the need to develop good writing skills. According to the DfEE booklet developing early writing (2001) evidence from teachers using the National Literacy strategy suggests that the teaching of reading has been more systematic than writing and many children still find the process of writing difficult and make slow progress. White (1980) backs this up in his book Teaching written English by claiming that speech is regarded as primary importance but writing is placed a poor second. However, the teaching of writing should be an important factor for all primary schools. If pupils are to become independent writers they need to be familiar with a range of writing so that they may adapt their writing to suit their intended audience and intention of a task. Therefore, during the literacy hour teachers should designate time to the teaching of writing non-fiction, poetry and plays. (QCA, 2000) During this time writing, like reading, will often be broken down into shared and guided sessions. During shared writing sessions teachers should act as editor and scribe in activities which will allow pupil participation. For example, after an idea for writing has been introduced the practitioner should encourage children to think about wording and re-wording sentences, and debate about each others suggestions. During this time the teacher should also maintain a vigorous pace and focus on his set objectives. During guided writing pupils should be set a specific writing objective (writing a letter or a short story for example) they should then be told to return to their groups and have a go of completing their work on their own. Pupils should also be allowed to view some past examples of good quality writing before they start so they have a general idea of what is expected of them. When the activity is being undertaken it is important for practitioners to remember that although this is independent work some students will still need support from their teacher. The guided writing sessions will allow for the practitioner to spend time with one or two of his/her ability groups so as to re-enforce the learning objectives and aid in the correct writing composition. To conclude, it is thought that this essay has highlighted the importance of having a literacy hour and a national strategy from which to work from. Although the NLS is not compulsory it can be seen that by using the framework along with the national curriculum document teachers can plan and teach effective lessons using a range of fun and interactive methods. Bibliography DfEE (2001) The National Literacy Strategy: Developing early writing, London:DfEE DfES (2001) The National Literacy Strategy: London: DfES DfES (2001) The National Literacy Strategy: Progression in phonics, London: DfES Fenwick, G. (1990) Teaching childrens literature in the primary school, London: David Fulton. QCA (1999) The National Curriculum, London: QCA/DfEE QCA (2000) Curriculum guidance for the foundation stage, London: QCA White, R.V. (1980) Teaching written English, London: George Allen Unwin Ltd. Wilson, A. (2000) Language knowledge for primary teachers, London: David Fulton.

Your guide to comparing your current job to a new job offer

Your guide to comparing your current job to a new job offer If there’s one thing you can count on as you travel along your career path, it’s that you’ll encounter some challenging decisions along the way- and the choices you make can have a lasting impact on your professional journey as you move forward. Among those challenges you might encounter is the often-dreaded â€Å"position decision.† Does the following scenario sound similar? While at your current job, you’ve been either an active or passive candidate for other positions and at some point, a new offer comes your way. It’s like reaching a big fork in the road on your career path- do you choose to hold on to your current position or take a leap (and a possible risk) and make a change? What factors should you consider when weighing your options? How do you handle this without losing a step in your current workload and responsibilities?The first step in this process is to acknowledge that when you’re faced with making a choice between two options, you need to figure out what determining factors matter to you. These will help you weigh the pros and cons of each, and hopefully will bring you closer to making a reasoned and informed decision.The following are some potential key determining factors that you can use to help you make the right decision.SalaryFor almost everyone in the world of work, salary is one of the primary variables when deciding on a job. You can use salary as a point of comparison when weighing your current job against a potential new one. Does one offer a significantly higher salary than the other? This calculation should include both immediate salary and long-term potential salary. (Remember, your decision shouldn’t just be based on short-term considerations; instead, you should also factor in the long-term potential for each position.) Are the salaries for both jobs in the same ballpark? If so, then move on to other important variables to help you make up your mind.BenefitsMany companies o ffer benefits packages along with salaries as an incentive to join their teams. Use these perks to help you decide which opportunity suits you best. Everything is fair game- from insurance to bonuses and vacation time, tuition reimbursement for furthering your education, and even retirement planning benefits should be on the table. Does one job allow you the opportunity to work remotely, which aligns well with your lifestyle and needs? Does another have paid family leave and you’re looking to start a family? Again- weigh everything, and consider both your immediate and long-term needs and plans.Culture and FitIn additional to more tangible factors like salary and benefits, make sure you consider all of the intangibles that impact your work life. Think about things like environment and culture of the company, along with your relationships with the people and teams you currently or will potentially interact with- because in many ways, these effect your day-to-day work life as m uch as money and benefits. How about the mission of the company you work for vs. the new potential company? Does one of them excite you and energize your more than the other? This can really help bolster your need for professional fulfillment over the long haul.Of course, the potential job is at a bit of a disadvantage here, as you won’t know precisely what it’ll be like to work for that company until you get started. But you do know what your current company is like, and can do some research on your prospective company to help you figure things out. Also, use your experience while interviewing as a guide- were you left with a positive impression of the folks you met? Did you get a good sense of what the environment is like and what things might be like on a daily basis? Did you get to meet any of your prospective colleagues? Use what you learned to your advantage (and consider collecting these key nuggets of information when going on future interviews).LogisticsConsid er the practical â€Å"nuts and bolts† of your job, which come into play when forming an impression of your position. What are the offices or workspace like? Are they comfortable and inviting, and conducive to productivity? How about your individual workspace? Is one more attractive than the other? How do the commutes stack up against each other? By this point you know the drill- make a list of the things that matter to you, weigh one job against the other, and see where things stand.Long-Term GoalsWhat are your professional goals, both in the short-term and across your professional journey? Take some time to consider your answer to this question carefully- it’s an important one. Are you looking for opportunities for career advancement? Are you looking to build your skill set and take advantage of learning opportunities? Do you want to make a difference in your field or industry- or in the world at large? Whatever your goals are, which job is better positioned to help you achieve them? Obviously, this calls for a bit of speculation on your part, but make a job change is always a bit of a leap- but you have the opportunity to make the jump (or not) fully informed and with your eyes wide open.Making a choice as significant as a potential job change is a major life decision, so be sure that you weigh your options fully. Do your homework, think carefully, use your best judgment, and trust your instincts if and when you find yourself at this professional fork in the road, and you’ll be setting yourself up to choose the best path.